完形部分
Directions:
There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A）, B）, C）, and D） on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
1996年
Business and government leaders also consider the inflation rate to be an important general indicator. Inflation is a period of increased __66__ that cause rapid rises in prices. __67__ your money buys fewer goods so that you get __68__ for the same amount of money than before, inflation is the problem. There is a general rise __69__ the price of goods and services. Your money buys less. Sometimes people describe inflation as a（n） __70__ when “a dollar is not worth a dollar anymore.”
Inflation is a problem for all consumers. People who live on a fixed income are hurt the __71__. Retired people, for instance, cannot __72__ on an increase in income as prices rise. Elderly people who do not work face serious problems in stretching their incomes to __73__ their needs in time of inflation. Retirement income __74__ any fixed income usually does not rise as fast as prices. Many retired people must cut their spending to __75__ rising prices. In many cases they must stop __76__ some necessary items, such as food and clothing.
Even __77__ working people whose incomes are going up, inflation can be a problem. The __78__ of living goes up, too. People who work must have even more money to keep up their standard of living. Just buying the things they need costs more. When incomes do not keep __79__ with rising prices, the standard of living goes down. People may be earning the same amount of money, but they are not living __80__ because they are not able to buy as many goods and services.
Government units gather information about prices in our economy and publish it as price indexes __81__ the rate of change can be determined. A price index measures changes in prices using the price for a __82__ year as the base. The base price is set __83__ 100, and the other prices are reported as a __84__ of the base price. A price index makes __85__ possible to compare current prices of typical consumer goods, for example, with prices of the same goods in previous years.
66. A） spending B） demanding C） consuming D） saving
67. A） Because B） While C） Since D） When
68.A） much B） little C） more D） less
69.A） in B） on C） at D） to
70.A） chance B） time C） moment D） occasion
71.A） best B） least C） most D） worst
72.A） rely B） rest C） depend D） count
73.A） meet B） obtain C） care D） acquire
74.A） or B） and C） excluding D） including
75.A） live up to B） catch up on C） put up with D） keep up with
76.A） to buy B） buying C） having bought D） from buying
77.A） for B） to C） of D） if
78.A） price B） level C） cost D） standard
79.A） race B） pace C） speed D） step
80.A） as usual B） as well C） as before D） as such
81.A） in which B） from which C） of which D） by which
82.A） last B） given C） fixed D） definite
83.A） on B） by C） at D） against
84.A） portion B） percentage C） proportion D） fraction
85.A） it B） us C） one D） you
1997年
The horse and carriage is a thing of the past, but love and marriage are still with us and still closely interrelated. Most American marriages, particularly first marriages __66__ young couples, are the result of __67__ attraction and affection __68__ than practical considerations. In the Untied States, parents do not arrange marriages for their children. Teenagers begin __69__ in high school and usually find mates through their own academic and social __70__. Though young people feel __71__ to choose their friends from __72__ groups, most choose a mate of similar background.
This is __73__ in part to parental guidance. Parents cannot select spouses for their children, but they can usually __74__ choices by __75__ disapproval of someone they consider unsuitable.
__76__, marriages between members of different groups （interclass, interfaith, and interracial marriages） are increasing, probably because of the greater __77__ of today's youth and the fact they are restricted by __78__ prejudices than their parents. Many young people leave their home towns to attend college, __79__ in the armed forces, __80__ pursue a career in a bigger city.
Once away from home and family, they are more __81__ to date and marry outside their own social group.
In mobile American society, interclass marriages are neither __82__ nor shocking. Interfaith marriages are __83__ the rise particularly between Protestants and Catholics. On the other hand, interracial marriage is still very uncommon. It can be difficult for interracial couples to find a place to live, maintain friendships, and __84__ a family. Marriages between people of different national __85__ （but the same race and religion） have been commonplace here since colonial times.
66. A） involving B） linking C） connecting D） correlating
67.A） personal B） emotional C） mutual D） magnetic
68.A） more B） less C） other D） rather
69.A） dating B） appointment C） engagement D） matching
70.A） position B） association C） contract D） contacts
71.A） certain B） embarrassed C） hesitated D） free
72.A） similar B） identical C） diverse D） differential
73.A） for B） likely C） due D） because
74.A） give B） influence C） make D） offer
75.A） sounding B） avoiding C） expecting D） voicing
76.A） However B） Moreover C） Therefore D） Furthermore
77.A） mobility B） motive C） moral D） mission
78.A） less B） rather C） many D） fewer
79.A） work B） serve C） stay D） remain
80.A） but B） otherwise C） or D） likewise
81.A） probable B） likely C） reluctant D） readily
82.A） scarce B） rare C） scared D） relieved
83.A） in B） at C） on D） for
84.A） raise B） obtain C） grow D） unite
85.A） source B） origin C） resource D） base
1998年
Music comes in many forms; most countries have a style of their own. __66__ the turn of the century when jazz （爵士乐） was born, America had no prominent __67__ of its own. No one knows exactly when jazz was __68__, or by whom. But it began to be __69__ in the early 1900s, Jazz is America's contribution to __70__ music. In contrast to classical music, which __71__ formal European traditions, jazz is spontaneous and free-form. It bubbles with energy, __72__ the moods, interests, and emotions of the people. In the 1920s jazz __73__ like America. And __74__ it does today.
The __75__ of this music are as interesting as the music __76__. American Negroes, or blacks, as they are called today, were the jazz __77__. They were brought to the Southern States __78__ slaves. They were sold to plantation owners and forced to work long __79__.
When a Negro died his friends and relatives __80__ a procession to carry the body to the cemetery. In New Orleans, a band often accompanied the __81__. On the way to the cemetery the band played slow, solemn music suited to the occasion. __82__ on the way home the mood changed. Spirits lifted. Death had removed one of their __83__, but the living were glad to be alive. The band played __84__ music, improvising （即兴表演） on both the harmony and the melody of the tunes __85__ at the funeral. This music made everyone want to dance. It was an early form of jazz.
66. A） By B） At C） In D） On
67.A） music B） song C） melody D） style
68.A） discovered B） acted C） invented D） designed
69.A） noticed B） found C） listened D） heard
70.A） classical B） sacred C） popular D） light
71.A） forms B） follows C） approaches D） introduces
72.A） expressing B） explaining C） exposing D） illustrating
73.A） appeared B） felt C） seemed D） sounded
74.A） as B） so C） either D） neither
75.A） origins B） originals C） discoveries D） resources
76.A） concerned B） itself C） available D） oneself
77.A） players B） followers C） fans D） pioneers
78.A） for B） as C） with D） by
79.A） months B） weeks C） hours D） times
80.A） demonstrated B） composed C） hosted D） formed
81.A） demonstration B） procession C） body D） march
82.A） Even B） Therefore C） Furthermore D） But
83.A） number B） members C） body D） relations
84.A） sad B） solemn C） happy D） funeral
85.A） whistled B） sung C） presented D） showed
1999年
What's your earliest childhood memory? Can you remember learning to walk? Or talk? The first time you __66__ thunder or watched a television program? Adults seldom __67__ events much earlier than the year or so before entering school, just as children younger than three or four __68__ retain any specific, personal experiences.
A variety of explanations have been __69__ by psychologists for this “childhood amnesia” （儿童失忆症）. One argues that the hippocampus, the region of the brain which is responsible for forming memories, does not mature __70__ about the age of two. But the most popular theory __71__that, since adults do not think like children, they cannot __72__ childhood memories. Adults think in words, and their life memories are like stories or __73__ — one event follows __74__ as in a novel or film. But when they search through their mental __75__ for early childhood memories to add to this verbal life story, they don't find any that fit the __76__. It's like trying to find a Chinese word in an English dictionary.
Now psychologist Annette Simms of the New York State University offers a new __77__ for childhood amnesia. She argues that there simply __78__ any early childhood memories to recall. According to Dr. Simms, children need to learn to use __79__ spoken description of their personal experiences in order to turn their own short-term, quickly __80__ impressions of them into long-term memories. In other __81__ children have to talk about their experiences and hear others talk about __82__— Mother talking about the afternoon __83__ looking for seashells at the beach or Dad asking them about their day at Ocean Park. Without this __84__ reinforcement, says Dr. Simms, children cannot form __85__ memories of their personal experiences.
66. A. listened B. felt C. touched D. heard
67. A. involve B. interpret C. recall D. resolve
68. A. largely B. rarely C. merely D. really
69. A. canceled B. figured C. proposed D. witnessed
70. A. until B. once C. after D. since
71. A. magnifies B. intervenes C. contains D. maintains
72. A. reflect B. attain C. access D. refer
73. A. narratives B. forecasts C. regulations D. descriptions
74. A. the rest B. another C. the other D. others
75. A. outputs B. dreams C. flashes D. files
76. A. footstep B. pattern C. frame D. landscape
77. A. emphasis B. arrangement C. explanation D. factor
78. A. aren't B. weren't C. isn't D. wasn't
79. A. anyone else B. anyone else's C. some else D. someone else's
80. A. forgotten B. remembered C. forgetting D. remembering
8l. A. senses B. cases C. words D. means
82. A. him B. theirs C. it D. them
83. A. used B. chosen C. taken D. spent
84. A. habitual B. verbal C. petty D. mutual
85. A. permanent B. conscious C. subordinate D. spiritual
2000年
Most worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training. Ideally, therefore, the choice of an __66__ should be made even before the choice of a curriculum in high school. Actually, __67__, most people make several job choices during their working lives, __68__ because of economic and industrial changes and partly to improve __69__ positions. The “one perfect job” does not exist. Young people should__70__ enter into a broad flexible training program that will __71__ them for a field of work rather than for a single __72__.
Unfortunately many young people have to make career plans __73__ benefit of help from a competent vocational counselor or psychologist. Knowing __74__ about the occupational world, or themselves for that matter, they choose their lifework on a hit-or-miss __75__. Some drift from job to job. Others __76__ to work in which they are unhappy and for which they are not fitted.
One common mistake is choosing an occupation for __77__ real or imagined prestige. Too many high-school students— or their parents for them — choose the professional field, __78__ both the relatively small proportion of workers in the professions and the extremely high educational and personal __79__. The imagined or real prestige of a profession or a “white-collar” job is __80__ good reason for choosing it as a life's work. __81__, these occupations are not always well paid. Since a large proportion of jobs are in mechanical and manual work, the __82__ of young people should give serious __83__ to these fields.
Before making an occupational choice, a person should have a general idea of what he wants __84__ life and how hard he is willing to work to get it. Some people desire social prestige, others intellectual satisfaction. Some want security, others are willing to take __85__ for financial gain. Each occupational choice has its demands as well as its rewards.
66. A. identification B. entertainment C. accommodation D. occupation
67. A. however B. therefore C. though D. thereby
68. A. entirely B. mainly C. partly D. largely
69. A. its B. his C. our D. their
70. A. since B. therefore C. furthermore D. forever
71. A. make B. fit C. take D. leave
72. A. job B. way C. means D. company
73. A. to B. for C. without D. with
74. A. little B. few C. much D. a lot
75. A. chance B. basis C. purpose D. opportunity
76. A. apply B. appeal C. stick D. turn
77. A. our B. its C. your D. their
78. A. concerning B. following C. considering D. disregarding
79. A. preferences B. requirements C. tendencies D. ambitions
80. A. a B. any C. no D. the
81. A. Therefore B. However C. Nevertheless D. Moreover
82. A. majority B. mass C. minority D. multitude
83. A. proposal B. suggestion C. consideration D. appraisal
84. A. towards B. against C. out of D. without
85. A. turns B. parts C. choices D. risks
2001年
There is virtually no limit to how one can serve community interests, from spending a few hours a week with some charitable organization to practically full-time work for a social agency. Just as there are opportunities for voluntary service __71__ （VSO） for young people before they take up full-time employment, __72__ there are opportunities for overseas service for __73__ technicians in developing countries. Some people, __74__ those who retire early, __75__ their technical and business skills in countries __76__ there is a special need.
So in considering voluntary or __77__ community service there are more opportunities than there __78__ were when one first began work. Most voluntary organizations have only a small full-time __79__, and depend very much on volunteers and part-timers. This means that working relationships are different from those in commercial organizations, and values may be different. __80__ some ways they may seem more casual and less efficient, but one should not __81__ them by commercial criteria. The people who work with them do so for different reasons and with different __82__, both personal and __83__. One should not join them __84__ to arm them with professional expertise; they must be joined with commitment to the __85__, not business efficiency. Because salaries are __86__ or non-existent many voluntary bodies offer modest expenses. But many retired people take part in community service for __87__, simply because they enjoy the work.
Many community activities possible __88__ retirement were also possible during one's working life but they are to be undertaken __89__ seriously for that. Retired people who are just looking for something different or unusual to do should not consider __90__ community service.
71. A） over sea B） oversea C） over seas D） overseas
72. A） so B） as C） that D） then
73. A） qualifying B） quantity C） qualified D） quality
74. A） partly B） partially C） passionately D） particularly
75. A） operate B） order C） occupy D） offer
76. A） where B） which C） that D） as
77. A） paid B） paying C） pay D） to be paid
78. A） lately B） before C） ever D） never
79. A） number B） team C） crowd D） staff
80. A） By B） In C） Through D） With
81. A） comment B） look at C） judge D） enjoy
82. A） subject B） subjective C） objects D） objectives
83. A） organizational B） organization C） organizing D） organized
84. A） to expect B） expecting C） expected D） being expected
85. A） cause B） course C） caution D） case
86. A） small B） little C） big D） large
87. A） freedom B） free C） something D） money
88. A） on B） before C） at D） in
89. A） very much B） much C） no less D） no more
90. A） to take B） to be taken C） being taken D） taking
2002年
With 950 million people, India ranks second to China among the most populous countries. But since China 71 a family planning program in 1971, India has been closing the 72 . Indians have reduced their birth rate but not nearly 73 the Chinese have. If current growth rates continue, India’s population will 74 China’s around the year 2028 __75____ about 1.7 billion.
Should that happen, it won’t be the 76 of the enlightened women of Kerala, a state in southern India. 77 India as a whole adds almost 20 million people a year, Kerala’s population is virtually 78 . The reason is No mystery: nearly two-thirds of Kerala women practice birth control, 79 about 40% in the entire nation.
The difference 80 the emphasis put on health programs, 81 birth control, by the state authorities, 82 in 1957 became India’s first elected Communist 83 . And an educational tradition and matrilineal（母系的） customs in parts of Kerala help girls and boys get 84 good schooling.
While one in three Indian women is 85 , 90% of those in Kerala can read and write.
Higher literacy rates 86 family planning. “Unlike our parents, we know that we can do more for our children if we have 87 of them,” says Laila Cherian, 33, who lives in the village of Kudamaloor. She has limited herself 88 three children—one below the national 89 of four. That kind of restraint （抑制；克制）will keep Kerala from putting added 90 on world food supplies.
71. A. discovered B. circulated C. launched D. transmitted
72. A. gap B. top C. bit D. bet
73. A. as many as B. as well as C. as soon as D. as much as
74. A. shake B. pass C. rocket D. impress
75. A. on B. in C. at D. for
76. A. force B. fight C. false D. fault
77. A. While B. Since C. Because D. Suppose
78. A. reliable B. stable C. countable D. flexible
79. A. benefited from B. involved with C. compared with D. resulted from
80. A. lies in B. shows off C. results in D. departs from
81. A. reviving B. including C. practicing D. containing
82. A. that B. since C. what D. which
83. A. group B. alliance C. government D. bureau
84. A. equally B. officially C. sharply D. proudly
85. A. cultural B. literate C. native D. responsible
86. A. foster B. hamper C. reform D. advocate
87. A. less B. more C. fewer D. better
88. A. in B. at C. as D. to
89. A. statistics B. average C. tendency D. category
90. A. increase B. challenge C. pressure D. complaint
2003年
Imagine fishermen walking down to the seashore, ready to carry out their early morning routine of preparing their boats and net. ____71____ they hope for a good catch of fish. But to their ____72____, a horrible sight meets their still sleepy eyes. Thousands of fish have washed ____73____ —dead. The cause of this mass destruction? A red tide!
Red tides are a global ____74____. They have been observed on both the Atlantic and the Pacific coasts of the United States and Canada. They have also ____75____ in many other places. Though relatively few people are ____76____ them, red tides are not new.
In the Philippines, a red tide was first seen in the province of Bataan in 1908. Since then, red tides have been seen in many other ____77____. A Philippines’ red tide expert told us that" ____78____ the fish kills, the Philippines has documented 1,926 cases of dead shellfish poisoning caused by red tides."
The term "red tide" ____79____ the discoloration of water that sometimes occurs in certain areas of the ocean or sea. Although the color is often red, it may also be ____80____ of brown or yellow. The World Book Encyclopedia reports that "the discolored areas may range from ____ 81____ a few square yards to more than 2,600 square kilometers."
What causes such discoloration? Red tides are generally caused by several ____ 82____ of single-celled organisms. These tiny organisms have hair-like projections which they use to ____83____ themselves in water. There are about 2,000 varieties of these organisms, 30 of which carry poisonous ____84____. These minute organisms usually stay in warm waters with high content of salt.
A red tide occurs when there is a sudden and rapid ____85____ of these organisms. The concentration of these organisms may ____86 ____ to 50,000,000 per quart of water! Although scientists do not fully understand why this happens, it is known that these organisms ____87____ when certain conditions simultaneously affect the water. These include abnormal weather, ____88____ temperatures, an oversupply of nutrients in the water, a generous ____89____ sunlight, and favorable water currents. When a heavy rainfall occurs, minerals and other nutrients are sometimes washed ____90____ the land into coastal waters. These nutrients can contribute to the breeding of the organisms. The result? Red tides!
71. A. As a result B. As it is C. As expected D. As usual
72. A. satisfaction B. disappointment C. astonishment D. regret
73. A. ashore B. aboard C. aside D. across
74. A. question B. crisis C. phenomenon D. situation
75. A. occupied B. occurred C. acquired D. accused
76. A. assured of B. worried about C. concerned about D. aware of
77. A. sandy beaches B. river mouths C. coastal areas D. reef areas
78. A. except B. besides C. despite D. without
79. A. applies to B. sums up C. copes with D. leads to
80. A. shadows B. shades C. shakes D. shapes
81. A. less than B. more than C. as much as D. as little as
82. A. components B. elements C. ingredients D. species
83. A. propel B. probe C. proceed D. prompt
84. A. materials B. substances C. masses D. objects
85. A. bolt B. block C. bloom D. blast
86. A. scale B. plunge C. gauge D. swell
87. A. accelerate B. accommodate C. accumulate D. accompany
88, A. optimum B. minimum C. maximum D. momentum
89. A. means of B. amount of C. way to D. account for
90. A. over B. on C. by D. from
完形练习
Directions: There are twenty blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A）, B）, C）, and D） on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
Test 1
The United Nations was started for two reasons. First, when the idea was __66__,people all over the world were tired __67__ not just World War Ⅱ,but of war itself. They felt there must be __68__ answers to the world's problems and only an international __69__ could keep world peace. Second, modern science had __70__ new bombs and airplanes which made it impossible for a country to __71__ itself. National borders were beginning to lose their meaning. __72__ was more, science would develop even more dangerous __73__ in the future. Only an international organization would be able to __74__ modern science.
The first international meeting of the United Nations took place in San Francisco in 1945.Since then, the __75__ of nations that have signed the U.N. Charter has more than __76__, containing almost the whole population of the world.
The most important __77__ of the U.N. are the General Assembly and the Security Council. Everything that is spoken at the General Assembly is __78__ into Chinese, English, French, Russian, and Spanish. At its meetings, __79__ country can bring a problem to the attention of the world __80__ the job of the Security Council is to solve serious problems before they __81__ to war. It also has the power to send an army into a country if members of the Security Council agree.
Since the day of its __82__, the United Nations has been the subject of much __83__, but the fact remains that when someone speaks at the U.N., everyone hears about it and no one can __84__ the debates. Even the smallest country on earth can have its __85__ heard. If we work to make it better, this phoenix will probably never burn to death again.
66.A） debated B） settled C） born D） argued
67.A） of B） with C） from D） over
68.A） restful B） cheerful C） peaceful D） successful
69.A） community B） organization C） council D） committee
70.A） invested B） isolated C） invaded D） developed
71.A） defend B） confine C） strain D） substitute
72.A） That B） What C） As D） It
73.A） missiles B） weapons C） bombs D） guns
74.A） control B） donate C） emit D） forge
75.A） amount B） deal C） number D） pile
76.A） distracted B） distinguished C） disturbed D） doubled
77.A） jury B） organs C） unions D） governments
78.A） translated B） transferred C） transformed D） transported
79.A） no B） all C） whole D） any
80.A） as B） lest C） while D） unless
81.A） lead B） yield C） adhere D） stick
82.A） gathering B） birth C） assembly D） conference
83.A） dispute B） debate C） rub D） contradiction
84.A） interrupt B） disturb C） bother D） stop
85.A） tone B） sound C） voice D） talks
Test 2
Supercomputing had its heyday in the 1980s. The field ___61___ many of the best minds ___62___ computer science, as start-ups and established companies ___63___ for the prestige of creating the fastest ___64___ in the world. Interest in these high-powered machines ___65___ in the 1990s, as computing talent was ___66___ to the internet. This has been changing in ___67___ years. The ability to build powerful computers cheaply, ___68___ with growing commercial demand for high-end ___69___ power, is creating a renaissance in the field of supercomputing.
These days, it is not ___70___ to design and build a supercomputer from ___71___. Existing commercial components can be ___72___ put together to create a very powerful ___73___. Last year, a group at America's National Centre for Supercomputing Applications ___74___ a supercomputer out of around a hundred PlayStation2 chips. ___75___, another system, built by Virginia Tech, in Blacksburg, was created from 1,100 Apple G5 chips and ___76___ off-the-shelf networking components. The $5.2m system was ___77___ as the third-fastest in the world. Such systems are of growing interest to ___78___ buyers, and led IBM to decide last year to begin selling supercomputer-class ___79___ commercially. Film studios, for instance, can use them for everything from ___80___ effects to creating entire films.
61. A） appealed B） attracted C） regarded D） distracted
62. A） on B） with C） in D） over
63. A） competed B） benefited C） progressed D） refused
64. A） calculator B） counter C） runner D） computer
65. A） widened B） reduced C） declined D） took
66. A） accustomed B） adjusted C） drawn D） painted
67. A） recent B） late C） latest D） coming
68. A） imported B） combined C） joined D） linked
69. A） figuring B） purchasing C） computing D） operating
70. A） necessary B） customary C） flexible D） reliable
71. A） beginning B） origin C） scratch D） sight
72. A） chiefly B） expensively C） costly D） cheaply
73. A） system B） mechanism C） hardware D） budget
74. A） conducted B） destroyed C） built D） reaped
75. A） Unfortunately B） Meanwhile C） However D） Consequently
76. A） commercial B） controversial C） profitable D） available
77. A） lined B） reputed C） ranked D） regarded
78. A） co-operative B） corporate C） temporary D） essential
79. A） machines B） mechanics C） manners D） leaders
80. A） specific B） successive C） special D） urban
Test 3
One would think that Nestlé and Unilever（联合利华） would be able to start selling ice cream in Saudi Arabia. But ___61___ David Arnold, a former professor of marketing at Harvard Business School, tells it in “The Mirage of Global Markets,” both ___62___ left the Saudi Arabian market altogether in 2001. Neither firm ___63___ experience in expanding the business; both had made their decision to enter Saudi Arabia on ___64___ logic, reasoning that ice cream would sell well in a hot country ___65___ a fairly large youth population. But they were ___66___ by circumstances unique to the new market: Saudi Arabians ___67___ not to see ice cream as a ___68___ to be eaten at home, and female shoppers frequently failed to buy ice cream at supermarkets___69___ they had no driving license.
Part of Mr Arnold’s book ___70___ to show how Nestlé’s and Unilever’s troubles in Saudi Arabia have not been unique: companies are constantly ___71___ new markets in an effort to “grow global.”
Mr. Arnold first ___72___ between globalization（全球化） as a management idea and as a marketing one. By all ___73___ take advantage of the benefits of keeping all a company’s offices in close ___74___ with one another; but it’s not a good idea to have them all selling the same thing. After an ___75___ rush of demand in the 1990s for Western ___76___ in countries newly opening up, such as India and China, ___77___ markets have become precisely more local. This not only means that ___78___ homogenous（同源的）products will not sell; it means that presenting a brand that is too ___79___ leaves room for a local brand to offer itself as an ___80___. One example of this is Kola Real, a cola created in Peru that has been able to make inroads against Coca-Cola and Pepsi in its home country.
61. A） though B） as C） since D） after
62. A） firms B） departments C） offices D） organizers
63. A） developed B） lacked C） increased D） expanded
64. A） noisy B） careful C） sound D） similar
65. A） concerning B） including C） through D） with
66. A） confused B） amused C） disgusted D） frightened
67. A） intend B） extend C） tend D） pretend
68. A） desert B） dessert C） diversity D） uselessness
69. A） even if B） because C） so that D） provided
70. A） means B） leads C） proposes D） aims
71. A） misplacing B） mistaking C） misjudging D） misbehaving
72. A） distinguishes B） extinguishes C） disguises D） realizes
73. A） ways B） means C） approaches D） attitudes
74. A） impression B） relation C） contact D） step
75. A） final B） contrastive C） productive D） initial
76. A） brands B） costs C） styles D） conducts
77. A） cultural B） local C） comfortable D） official
78. A） much B） previously C） overly D） annually
79. A） global B） feasible C） reasonable D） intentional
80. A） pains B） absence C） obstacle D） alternative
Test 4
Not __66__ economic systems in the world are the same. For instance, the economic system of the USA __67__ greatly from the system in the former Soviet Union. The economic systems of these two nations __68__ very strongly. On the whole, economic systems can __69__ be classified into two types: capitalistic and communistic.
The capitalistic economic system is __70__ on private enterprise and private __71__ of capital. An important form of capital is surplus income __72__ for investment in new business activities. Property is owned by individual citizens who __73__ considerable economic freedom of choice. They can choose what they want to do and __74__ they want to earn their living, but are not of course entirely free to do as they wish. They must __75__ the law.
The communistic economic system is based on the principles of Karl Marx who __76__ of a world in which there would be no private __77__. The important thing about this system is central planning. The State __78__ the whole economic effort of the nation. A central authority with complete __79__ decides what goods and services will be produced, what __80__ of goods will be produced and what prices will be __81__ for them. The national economy must be __82__ ahead over a number of years. Though communism in theory __83__ that all property should belong to the State, the citizens are permitted to have personal effects.
However, no state today is completely communistic or __84__ capitalistic. The various national economic systems __85__ towards one type or the other.
66.A） every B） all C） both D） any
67. A） differs B） counters C） results D） affects
68. A） compare B） contest C） combine D） contrast
69. A） rudely B） crudely C） roughly D） fiercely
70. A） based B） established C） concentrate D） depended
71. A） supplies B） contracts C） offers D） quantities
72. A） flexible B） approachable C） accessible D） available
73. A） impose B） exercise C） abuse D） utilize
74. A） why B） who C） how D） which
75. A） obey B） abide C） pursue D） comply
76. A） invent B） conceived C） innovated D） imagined
77. A） furniture B） rights C） enterprise D） property
78. A） implements B） incorporates C） organizes D） recognizes
79. A） power B） force C） might D） strength
80. A） numbers B） quantities C） qualities D） deals
81. A） charged B） cost C） purchased D） spent
82. A） debated B） disputed C） intended D） planned
83. A） reveals B） suggests C） states D） infers
84. A） partially B） superficially C） especially D） completely
85. A） intend B） tend C） attend D） incline
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