一、真题回顾
完形填空（Cloze Test）也称短文填空或综合填空，它考核的是考生综合运用语言的能力。由于自然语言都存在冗余现象，这一现象使我们在阅读一篇文章的时候，即使文章被抽去部分的词，我们仍然可能根据对剩余部分的分析来理解整篇文章的思想，并可推断出缺损部分的信息，而这种推断信息的准确度就取决于我们综合运用语言的能力。
《在职人员攻读硕士学位全国联考英语考试大纲》规定：完形填空是一篇150～200词之间的一般性短文。短文中有10个空白，每个空白为一题。考生须在理解短文意思的基础上从为每个空白提供的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。
这一部分对多数考生而言是考试的难点，得分率低。下面通过完形填空真题为例，帮助考生熟悉、分析这种题型的特点和考点，以便于采取相应的科学的复习方法和运用合理的解题思路和方法技巧。
Cloze Test (15 minutes, 5 points)
Directions: There are ten blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSCER SHEET with a single line through the center.
Visitors to this country are normally admitted for six months, but foreign students can usually stay for one year. They must 1 an educational institution, and they are required to study for a 2 of fifteen hours a week on a daytime course. Prospective students have to show that they can afford their studies, and that they have sufficient 3 resources to support themselves 4 in this country.
In order to work here the foreigner needs a work permit, 5 must be applied for by his prospective employer. The problem here is that the Department of Employment has the right to grant or 6 these permits, and there is little that can be done 7 it; it would be extremely unwise for a foreign visitor to work 8 a permit, since anyone doing so is liable to immediate deportation（驱逐出境）. There are some people from the European countries, who are often given 9 residence permits of up to five years. Some other people, such as doctors, foreign journalists, authors and others can work without permits, and foreign students are normally allowed to 10 part-time jobs while they are studying here.
1．A．establish B．purchase C．prove D．attend
2．A．minimum B．maximum C．minority D．majority
3．A．natural B．financial C．human D．economical
4．A．after B．since C．while D．before
5．A．it B．what C．that D．which
6．A．receive B．refuse C．oppose D．accept
7．A．for B．on C．about D．with
8．A．with B．before C．after D．without
9．A．temporary B．interior C．permanent D．short
10．A．engage B．take C．expect D．work
【答案与解析】
1． D。本题测试固定搭配。attend an educational institution意为“参加一个教育机构”。A．establish“建立”；B．purchase“购买”；C．prove“证明”；均与题意不符。
2． A。本题测试形近词和近义词的区别。根据题意，是表示“至少一周十五小时的学习”，表示最小值，应选A．minimum。B．maximum“最大值”；C．minority“少数，少数民族”；D．majority“多数，大半”；均不符题意。
3． B。本题测试近义词的区别。表示“经济来源，资金来源”，应用B．financial“财政的，金融的”。A和C明显不符题意；D．economical是表示“节约的，经济实惠的”，也不符题意。
4． C。本题测试连接词。根据上下文，是指“在该国期间”，故只能选C．while。
5． D。本题测试非限定性定语从句。此处缺少一个关系代词，代替a work permit，在从句中做主语，故应选D．which。
6． B。本题测试根据上下文选词的能力。此处所缺词与grant用or连接，表示二者是并列的关系，且意思应正好相反，即表示“批准或拒绝”，故应选B．refuse。A．receive“收到，接收”；C．oppose“反对”；D．accept“接受”。
7． C。本题测试介词搭配。根据上下文，是表示“对此（就业部是批准还是拒绝你的申请）你无能为力”，故应选C．about。
8． D。本题测试介词。根据上下文，是表示“外国游客如没有工作许可证就打工是非常不明智的”，故应选D．without。
9． A。本题测试根据上下文选词的能力。此处缺少一个形容词修饰residence permits，表示“临时居住许可证”，故应选A．temporary“暂时的，临时的”。B．interior“内部的”；C．permanent“长久的，永久的”；D．short“短暂的”；均不符题意。
10． B。本题测试固定搭配。take part-time jobs意为“从事兼职工作”。其他动词都不能搭配jobs。
